Las 5 etapas del desarrollo psicosexual de Freud
Freud’s theory of psychosexual development states that, as we grow up, we go through five critical phases. Our sexual impulse, which Freud called libido, is concentrated in a different erogenous zone.
In each phase, The phases are called oral, anal phallic, latent, and genital.
If our experience during any of these phases was traumatic, we could develop fixations later in life such as neuroses, dependencies, addictions, or depression, The oral phase is from 0 to 1 year In the first year of our lives.
We discover the world through our oral senses.
Our greatest pleasure comes from sucking on our mother’s, breast or a bottle.
The conflict that occurs now is weaning from our primary caretaker.
Javier is weaned from his mother’s breast without trauma to Ernesto’s.
Mother stops feeding him 4 months after birth, which is too early.
Diana is often left crying alone when she is hungry.
Javier becomes a healthy and independent adult Ernesto suffers a trauma and develops an oral fixation, Tries to make up for it by chewing gum all the time. Diana spends her entire life seeking the oral stimulation she was denied as a child and thus develops a manipulative and addictive personality, The anal phase from 1 to 3 years.
The main focus of our libido at this age is the control of the bladder and bowel movements.
We have to learn to use the potty Javier’s, parents praise his attempts to use the bathroom and encourage him to learn at his own pace.
Ernesto’s parents make him potty train too early and punish him for his mistakes.
Diana’s, parents completely neglect any effort to potty train her Javier develops a competent personality and a good and balanced relationship with authority.
Ernesto develops an anal-withholding personality.
He becomes an overly controlling and stingy adult disgusted by his own body and with a tendency to obey authority.
Diana develops an anal-expulsive personality.
She becomes messy disorganized, inconsiderate of the feelings of others, and rebellious with authority, The phallic phase is from 3 to 6 years.
Our libido now turns to the genitals, as we discover the differences between the female and male gender. The boys’conflict in this phase is presented as a rivalry with their father Also called the Oedipus Complex Ernesto and Javier want to possess their mother and fantasize about getting rid of their father.
But they know their father is stronger and they fear being punished for their wish.
Freud called this castration anxiety, Diana experiences penis envy.
She believes that a penis is a key to power and domination, and she wants one to Javier’s.
Father was very present at that stage Later Javier resolves this conflict by strongly identifying with him Learn to assume a masculine role As an adult.
He respects both genders Ernesto, whose father was absent during this phase, fails to develop a strong sense of manhood.
He is fixated on his mother and is not sure of his sexuality.
He also tends to be aggressive towards women and constantly needs to compete with other men.
Diana, like all women, maintains penis envy for the rest of her life, which in her case, causes her an inferiority complex towards men, Latency Phase Ages 7 to 13.
In this phase, our libido is suppressed, as our sexual energy is sublimated into developing life skills. Our superego is strengthened and we strongly identify with social values, same-sex heroes, and friends.
Javier has many hobbies, Ernesto loves learning at school and Diana makes many new friends.
There is no real conflict in this phase.
All three benefit for the rest of their lives.
From the abilities they developed during latency The genital phase from puberty to death, Once we reach puberty, our libido starts to kick in again and we develop an interest in sexual partners, Javier Diana and Ernesto face the challenge of balancing the sexual desires of the id and The needs of the superego to obey social norms.
The development of a strong ego helps to find a compromise between the two Javier, who has lived a childhood.
Without many traumas manages to build a strong ego.
He is disciplined at work, has a loving relationship, and has a full sexual life.
Ernesto’s ego is weaker than his superego.
He obeys the rules and authorities and, as a result, suppresses his desires, which leads to the development of perversions. Diana has a weak ego and a weak superego.
Your sexual needs are more important than social norms or other people’s feelings.
He is selfish and does not feel guilty about breaking the law or hurting others To understand the theory.
We need to see it in the context of Freud’s famous work on the unconscious By acknowledging that we have a subconscious.
We also imply that we store early childhood memories and other experiences without even realizing it.
These past experiences unconsciously influence our behavior daily.
Freud stated that our mind operates in 3 spheres, which we can imagine as a submarine.
The unconscious level operates.
The Id The preconscious level operates, and the Superego, The conscious and preconscious level operates.
Our Ego, Young children, are driven by the Id and demand immediate gratification Around the age of seven. We start to develop a Superego and want to become good moral citizens and please others.
The Ego is formed during adolescence.
To balance the two forces Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis Freud theorized that the unconscious would remember and store all of our experiences.
Then they appear from time to time through dreams and associative thoughts By revealing traumatic memories and desires.
Through conversation, we can break free of our neuroses and live healthier more fulfilling lives.
He recommended.
We should not strive to eliminate our complexes but agree with them.
These are the ones that legitimately direct our conduct in the world.
What do you think about this theory and the practice of psychoanalysis? Is there any truth in it? Do we have an unconscious? If so, does it store all our childhood experiences and influence our behavior as adults? Please share your thoughts in the comments below .
